Monday, November 5, 2012
American English - British English
A - E F - J K - O P - T U - Z
| American English | British English |
|---|---|
| U | |
| underpass | subway |
| undershirt | vest |
| unsweetened cocoa | cocoa powder |
| V | |
| vacation | holiday |
| vaccum cleaner | hoover |
| VCR | video |
| vest | waistcoat |
| vocational school | technical college |
| W | |
| wash up | to wash |
| windshield | windscreen |
| wrench | spanner |
| Y | |
| yard | garden |
| Z | |
| zip code | post code |
| zipper | zip |
American English - British English
A - E F - J K - O P - T U - Z
| American English | British English |
|---|---|
| P | |
| pacifier | dummy |
| a package of cigarettes | a packet of cigarettes |
| panties | knickers |
| pants | trousers |
| paper towel | kitchen roll paper |
| parentheses | brackets |
| parka | anorak |
| parking garage | multi-storey car park |
| parking lot | car park |
| pavement | road surface |
| pay raise | pay rise |
| photoflash | flashlight |
| pin | badge |
| pitcher | jug |
| potato chips | crisps |
| powdered sugar | icing sugar |
| president (business) | managing director |
| prime rate | base rate |
| principal | headmaster, head teacher |
| program | programme |
| public school | state school |
| Q | |
| quiz | test |
| quotation marks | inverted commas, quotation marks |
| R | |
| railroad | railway |
| raincoat | mackintosh |
| raisin | sultana |
| regular | normal |
| to rent | to hire |
| report card | school report |
| reservation | booking |
| resume | curriculum vitae |
| to give s.b. a ride | to give s.b. a lift |
| roast | joint |
| rubber, condom | condom |
| rubbers | wellington boots |
| rummage sale | jumble sale |
| running shoes | trainers |
| S | |
| salary cut | wage cut |
| sales clerk | shop assistant |
| Santa Claus | Father Christmas |
| schedule | timetable |
| second floor | first floor |
| semester | term |
| to set the table | to lay the table |
| shot | injection, jab |
| sidewalk | pavement |
| silverware | cutlery |
| skillet | frying pan |
| sled | sledge |
| sneakers | trainers |
| soccer | football |
| social security number | national insurance number |
| station wagon | van |
| steering wheel | driving wheel |
| stingy | mean |
| stock | share |
| stop lights | traffic lights |
| store | shop |
| story | storey |
| stove | cooker |
| streetcar | tram |
| student | pupil |
| subway | underground, tube |
| superstore | store |
| suspenders | braces |
| sweater | cardigan |
| swimsuit | costume |
| T | |
| tag | label |
| taxi stand | taxi rank |
| telephone operator | telephonist |
| theater | theatre |
| thread | cotton |
| thumbtack | drawing pin |
| tire | tyre |
| toothpick | cocktail stick |
| track | platform |
| track | tracks |
| traffic circle, rotary | roundabout |
| trailer | caravan |
| traveled | travelled |
| trench coat | duffle coat |
| truck | lorry |
| trunk | boot |
| turn signal | indicator |
| turtle | tortoise |
| turtle neck | polo neck |
| tux, tuxedo | dinner jacket |
| two weeks | fortnight |
American English - British English
A - E F - J K - O P - T U - Z
| American English | British English |
|---|---|
| K | |
| kerosene/kerosine | paraffin |
| kilometer | kilometre |
| Kleenex | tissue |
| L | |
| labor | labour |
| ladies' room | Ladies |
| ladybug | ladybird |
| laundry soap | washing up powder |
| law offices | chambers |
| lawyer | solicitor, barrister |
| laid off | redundant |
| leash | lead |
| legal holiday | bank holiday |
| letter opener | paper knife |
| license plate | number plate |
| life vest | life jacket |
| to line up | to queue |
| liter | litre |
| long distance bus | coach |
| lost and found | lost property |
| M | |
| post | |
| mailbox | letterbox |
| mailman | postman |
| main street | high street |
| mashed potatoes | mashed potato |
| math | maths |
| Men's Room | Gents |
| mom | mum |
| motor (fuel-burning or electrical devices) | engine |
| motorcycle | motorbike |
| movie, film | film |
| movie theater | cinema |
| N | |
| Native American | American Indian |
| nauseated | ill |
| neighbor | neighbour |
| newspaper store | newsagent's |
| newsstand | bookstall |
| nightstand | bedside table |
| notebook | exercise book |
| O | |
| oatmeal | porridge |
| one-way ticket | single ticket |
| overpass | flyover |
| overtime | extra time |
American English - British English
A - E F - J K - O P - T U - Z
| American English | British English |
|---|---|
| F | |
| face cloth | flannel |
| fall, autumn | autumn |
| faucet | tap |
| favorite | favourite |
| fender | wing |
| field hockey | hockey |
| fields day | sports day |
| to fill out | to fill in |
| fire department | fire brigade |
| first floor | ground floor |
| fish-sticks | fish-fingers |
| flavor | flavour |
| flight attendant | air hostess |
| freeway | motorway |
| freight train | goods train |
| French fries | chips |
| from Monday to Friday from Monday through Friday (all of Friday is included) | from Monday to Friday |
| front desk | reception |
| frosting | icing |
| funeral director | undertaker |
| G | |
| game | match |
| garbage | rubbish |
| garbage can | bin, dustbin |
| gas | petrol |
| gas pedal, accelerator | accelerator |
| gas station | filling station |
| gear shift | gear lever |
| generator | dynamo |
| German shepherd | alsatian |
| grade (school levels 1st - 12th) class (top 4 levels 9th - 12th = freshman, sophomore, junior, senior) | class, form |
| grade school | primary school |
| ground | earth |
| ground wire | earth wire |
| to guess | to suppose, to think |
| H | |
| hairdresser (women) | hairdresser |
| ham | gammon |
| hamburger meat, ground beef | mince meat |
| harbor | harbour |
| heavy cream | double cream |
| high school | secondary school, grammar school |
| highway | main road |
| hockey | ice-hockey |
| home, at home | at home |
| hood | bonnet |
| human resources department | personnel department |
| humor | humour |
| I | |
| to inquire | to enquire |
| inquiry | enquiry |
| instalment plan | hire purchase |
| intermission | interval |
| intersection (city or country) | crossroads |
| interstate | motorway |
| inventory | stock |
| J | |
| jail | prison |
| janitor | caretaker |
| jelly (no pieces in it) | jam |
| jewelery | jewellery |
| John Doe | Joe Bloggs |
| joint | roast |
| jump rope | skipping rope |
American English - British English
Berikut beberapa perbedaan kata-kata dalam bahasa Inggris Amerika dan Bahasa Inggris British yang secara umum sering dipakai
A - E F - J K - O P - T U - Z
Selanjutnya F - J
A - E F - J K - O P - T U - Z
| American English | British English |
|---|---|
| A | |
| aisle | gangway |
| antenna, aerial | aerial (TV, radio) |
| anyplace, anywhere | anywhere |
| apartment (flat: singled floored apartments) | flat |
| appetizer | entrée |
| B | |
| baggage, luggage | luggage |
| baked potato | jacket potato |
| baking pan | baking tin |
| balcony | dress circle |
| ball-point pen | biro |
| bangs | fringe |
| bar | pub |
| barber shop (men) | hairdresser |
| to bathe | to bath |
| bathrobe | dressing gown |
| bathroom (in private rooms)/toilet | bathroom |
| bathroom, rest room | toilet, loo |
| bathtub | bath |
| beauty shop | hairdresser |
| bedspread | duvet |
| beer | lager |
| bell pepper | pepper |
| bill | note |
| billfold | wallet |
| bleachers | terraces |
| bobsled | bobsleigh |
| boiled egg | hard cooked egg |
| bookstore | bookshop |
| to broil | to grill |
| brown bread | wholemeal bread |
| buck | quid |
| buddy | mate |
| bug | insect |
| bulletin board | notice board |
| busy | engaged |
| cab, taxi | taxi |
| to call | to ring |
| C | |
| can | tin |
| candy store | sweet shop |
| carpet pad | underlay |
| cart | trolley |
| cash register | till |
| casket | coffin |
| catalog | catalogue |
| cellular, cell | mobile (phone) |
| center | centre |
| check | cheque, bill |
| checkers | draughts |
| checking account | current account |
| checkroom | cloakroom |
| cigarette | fag |
| closet | cupboard, wardrobe |
| clothes dryer | tumble dryer |
| clothespin | clothes peg |
| color | colour |
| commercial | advertisement |
| congress | parliament |
| to connect sb. | to put sb. through |
| cookie | biscuit |
| corn | maize |
| costumes | fancy dress |
| cotton candy | candy floss |
| cozy | cosy |
| crib | cot (Baby) |
| crosswalk | zebra crossing |
| crosswalk | pedestrian crossing |
| D | |
| a deck of cards | a pack of cards |
| detour | diversion |
| dialog | dialogue |
| diaper | nappy |
| dill pickle | pickled cucumber |
| directory assistance | directory enquiries |
| dish washing liquid | wash up liquid |
| doctor's office | doctor's surgery |
| downtown, center city | city centre |
| downtown | town centre |
| draft | draught |
| drain | plug hole |
| driver's license | driving licence |
| drugs, medicine | medicine |
| drugstore | chemist's shop |
| drunk driving | drink driving |
| duplex | semi-detached house |
| eggplant | aubergine |
| E | |
| elementary school | primary school |
| elevator | lift |
| emergency room | casualty department |
| engine (fuel-burning devices) | engine |
| eraser | rubber |
| everyplace, everywhere | everywhere |
| Excuse me. | Sorry. |
| expiration date | expiry date |
Selanjutnya F - J
Personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns
Semua kata-kata bahasa Inggris digolongkan ke dalam salah satu dari delapan Kategori: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. Demikian juga, ada beberapa jenis kata ganti:
- personal: I, me,...
- possessive: mine, yours,...
- reflexive: myself, yourself,...
- demonstrative: this, that,...
- indefinite: some, any,...
- interrogative: who, what,...
- relative: which, that,...
Kita akan melihat tiga jenis pertama, yaitu kata ganti (Pronoun), digunakan sebagai kata benda. Personal pronouns tidak hanya merujuk kepada orang. Mereka disebut seperti itu karena mereka merujuk kepada tiga orang:
- First: person who speaks
- Second: person who is spoken to
- Third: a person or thing different from the first and second.
Beberapa personal pronouns dapat menjadi subjek kalimat, obyek langsung atau obyek tidak langsung. Mereka dapat merujuk ke yang pertama, kedua atau orang ketiga, dan mereka dapat jamak atau tunggal. Hanya kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal dapat maskulin (he), feminin (she) dan neuter (it). Anda dapat menemukan semua kata ganti ini dalam tabel berikut.
Perhatikan juga bahwa saya telah menyertakan possessive adjectives karena mereka sangat erat kaitannya dengan possessive pronouns.
Coba lihat penggunaan berikut
| Persons | Subject pronouns | Object pronouns | Possessive adjectives | Possessive pronouns | Reflexive pronouns |
| 1st. p. sing | I | me | my | mine | myself |
| 2nd p. sing. | you | you | your | yours | yourself |
| 3rd p. sing. male. | he | him | his | his | himself |
| 3rd p. sing. female | she | her | her | hers | herself |
| 3rd p. sing. neut. | it | it | its | its | itself |
| 1st p. plural | we | us | our | ours | ourselves |
| 2nd. p. plural | you | you | your | yours | yourselves |
| 3rd p. plural | they | them | their | theirs | themselves |
Coba lihat penggunaan berikut
Subject dan object pronouns:
Jika kita harus mengubah kata untuk kata ganti dalam kalimat ini Paul loves Laura, mana yang akan Anda gunakan? John subjek dan Laura obyek langsung, kalimatnya akan jadi He loves her. Kita tidak bisa mengatakan *He loves she, karena she adalah kata ganti subjek, bukan objek kata ganti obyek. (Lihat tabel di atas).
Kata ganti objek dapat juga setelah preposisi: Hurry up! They are waiting for us, bukan *They are waiting for we.
Dalam kalimat-kalimat comparative kita dapat menggunakan kata ganti subjek dan objek setelah kata-kata dari atau sebagai. Namun, kita harus menggunakan kata ganti subjek dalam konteks yang lebih formal, sementara kata ganti objek yang digunakan dalam kalimat-kalimat yang lebih sehari-hari (colloquial).
He works harder than I. (formal) He works harder than me. (colloquial)
She is not as intelligent as he. (formal). She is not as intelligent as him. (colloquial)
Possessives:
Possessive adjectives menemani nouns, sementara possessive pronouns sendirian.
That’s her car and this is mine.
adjective pronoun
Possessives setuju dengan pemilik dan bukan dengan hal yang dimiliki.
That’s my book. Those are my books.
Catatan bahwa possessive adjective tetap sama dengan kata benda baik tunggal atau jamak.
Reflexive Pronoun:
Reflexive pronouns digunakan dalam kasus-kasus ketika orang yang sama subyek dan obyek kalimat.
Reflexive pronouns digunakan dalam kasus-kasus ketika orang yang sama subyek dan obyek kalimat.
Sarah is teaching herself to speak Javanese.
Dalam contoh ini Sarah baik melakukan dan menerima tindakan kata kerja. Mereka juga dapat digunakan sebagai objek tidak langsung:
I bought myself a beautiful watch.
Dan juga sebagai object dari preposition:
He is angry with himself for failing the exam.
Kadang-kadang mereka digunakan untuk penekanan;
I don’t think you need help with your homework. You can do it yourself.
Jika didahului dengan preposisi by, reflexive pronouns berarti “alone”:
He likes living by himself = He likes living alone.
Selain itu, yang secara luas digunakan dalam bahasa saat ini, ada juga beberapa possessive pronouns, yang meskipun kuno, masih digunakan dalam konteks sastra dan keagamaan: thou (you), thee (you, object), thine (Kamu, posesif sebelum kata yang diawali dengan huruf vokal), thy (Anda, sebelum konsonan). Mereka awalnya digunakan untuk orang ke 2 tunggal dalam konteks yang akrab, sementara You lebih formal dan digunakan sebagai tanda hormat, mirip bahasa Indonesia "Anda" atau Perancis "vous".
Namun, kata ini mengusir penggunaan thou, yang saat ini hanya digunakan di puisi dan agama.
Akhirnya, mari kita mempraktekkan apa yang telah kita pelajari hari dengan latihan-latihan berikut:
Refferences:
http://inmadom-myenglishclass.blogspot.com/
http://inmadom-myenglishclass.blogspot.com/
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